Abstract

India's rapidly growing energy demand, driven by urbanization, industrialization, and population expansion, necessitates sustainable and scalable solutions to ensure long-term energy security. Renewable energy, particularly solar power, has emerged as a key player in meeting these demands while simultaneously improving environmental quality. The renewable energy sector now accounts for 41.40% of India's total installed electricity generation capacity, making it the second-largest contributor to the country’s power mix. Solar energy, with its clean, renewable, and cost-effective nature, is increasingly reshaping India's energy landscape. This paper investigates the pivotal role of solar energy in addressing India's power needs, focusing on government initiatives such as the National Solar Mission, ambitious renewable energy targets, and financial incentives aimed at promoting solar adoption. The research further explores technological advancements in solar power, including high-efficiency solar panels, energy storage solutions, and smart grid integration, all of which contribute to the reliability and affordability of solar energy. The paper also highlights the opportunities and challenges involved in scaling solar energy, offering strategic recommendations for policymakers, investors, and industry stakeholders to optimize the potential of solar power in transforming India’s energy sector.