Abstract

The 21st century has brought about a significant change in the skills necessary to succeed in a complex and interconnected world. This paper explores the dynamic landscape of 21st-century skills development, investigating innovative methods and tools shaping this paradigm shift. Objectives include defining the framework for skill development, exploring theoretical foundations, evaluating enhancement tools, synthesizing literature perspectives, and providing critical analysis with theoretical recommendations. The framework spans critical thinking, creativity, communication, collaboration, and adaptability, preparing individuals for real-world problem-solving. Methods encompass ‘Project Based Learning’, ‘Experiential Learning’, and ‘Inquiry Based Learning’, while tools involve Digital Collaborative Platforms, Augmented/Virtual Reality, and Gamification. Challenges of access, equity, and teacher development persist, necessitating collaborative efforts. The literature review (2015–2023) highlights efficacy and challenges of methodologies/tools. The review's strengths include thematic cohesion, current relevance, in-depth exploration, critical tool evaluation, and challenge awareness. Recommendations include addressing geographical context, incorporating quantitative data, and integrating diverse perspectives. The methodology involves a systematic literature review, sourcing secondary data, purposive sampling, and qualitative content analysis. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of 21st-century skills development, offering insights for educators, policymakers, and researchers.